What is Heartburn?

Heartburn, often felt as a burning sensation in the chest is caused by stomach acid backing up into the oesophagus. While it may occur occasionally for some, frequent heartburn could indicate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a more severe condition.

Who is at Risk?

Individuals most at risk include those with obesity, smokers, and pregnant women. Common triggers include rich, spicy, or acidic foods and tight clothing, which can increase abdominal pressure and promote acid reflux.

Recognizing Heartburn Symptoms

Typical symptoms include:

• A burning chest pain, especially after eating or when lying down.
• Sour taste in the mouth, burping, and nausea.

Symptoms like bloating, sore throat, and chronic cough may also occur, signaling possible GERD.

Diagnosis and Testing

Diagnosis is primarily based on symptom description. Persistent or severe cases may require further investigation through an upper endoscopy or an oesophageal pH test to evaluate acid levels and inspect for oesophageal damage.

Effective Treatments

Treatments range from lifestyle modifications and over-the-counter remedies to prescription medications.

Options include:

• Antacids for immediate relief.
• H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors for reducing stomach acid.
• In severe cases, surgical interventions may be necessary.

Lifestyle Modifications for Prevention

Effective strategies include:

• Smaller, more frequent meals to reduce stomach acid.
• Avoiding meals close to bedtime and elevating the head while sleeping to prevent reflux.
• Identifying and avoiding foods that trigger symptoms.
• Quitting smoking and reducing alcohol intake.

What Happens if left untreated?

For those with chronic symptoms, it's essential to consider the potential for complications such as esophageal strictures, Barrett's esophagus, or even esophageal cancer. These conditions arise from long-term exposure of the esophagus to stomach acid and require careful monitoring and treatment.

When to Seek Medical Advice?

It's crucial to consult your doctor if you experience frequent heartburn, difficulty swallowing, or persistent symptoms despite treatment, this is particularly important for individuals over 60 or those with unusual symptoms like chest pain.

Manage your symptoms and protect your esophageal health by consulting your doctor about heartburn today.